What health issue is primarily associated with prolonged radon exposure?

Prolonged radon exposure is primarily associated with lung cancer, making it the most significant health issue connected to this radioactive gas. Radon is a colorless, odorless gas that is naturally produced from the decay of uranium in soil and rock. When ingested or inhaled over long periods, it can cause damage to lung tissue. The decay products of radon can attach to lung cells, and when they decay, they release energy that can lead to cancerous changes in those cells.

Studies have shown that radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. The risk of developing lung cancer increases with the duration and level of exposure to radon, emphasizing the importance of radon testing and mitigation in homes, especially in areas known to have high radon levels. Awareness and understanding of this association are crucial for public health and safety.